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The United NationsAfghanistan became a member of the United Nations in 1946, and prewar several UN development agencies were active in the country, notably the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Following the Soviet invasion the UN reduced their humanitarian and development activities inside Afghanistan although increasing support for the refugee population in Pakistan and Iran. At the same time, on the political side, the UN brokered the Geneva Accords that led to the departure of Soviet troops in 1989. The UN then maintained a political mission in Afghanistan through OSGAP (Office of Secretary-General for Afghanistan and Pakistan), succeeded in 1996 by UNSMA (United Nations Special Mission for Afghanistan), while UNOCHA (United Nations Office for the Co-ordination of Humanitarian Assistance for Afghanistan) did oversee a significant humanitarian programme, implemented by UN agencies and others. This included coordination through Regional Coordination Boards (RCBs) based inside Afghanistan and an Islamabad based Afghan Programming Board (APB), and annual facilitation of a Consolidated Appeal Process (CAP). The United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA), under the leadership of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General (SRSG), Lakhdar Brahimi, was established in March 2002. The purpose was to help implement the Bonn Agreement on the political transition in Afghanistan and to assist in the relief, recovery and reconstruction of the country. The SRSG is provided with an over-all authority by the UN Secretary-General to provide 'directive coordination' to all UN programmes and agencies operating in Afghanistan. Links:
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