Title: The Prosecution of Military Officers in Latin America This article analyses why judges in Argentina and Chile since the mid-1990s have displayed an increased willingness and ability to prosecute the military for gross human rights violations committed during the dictatorship period in the 1970s and 1980s, whereas judges in Uruguay have been much more reluctant to do so. All three countries have had a reduction in military threat as well as continuous pressure from civil society for prosecution. However, only Argentina and Chile have had constitutional reforms changing the structural framework for judicial action as well as bringing in more liberal judges, who have demonstrated greater sensitivity to changes in the international human rights context. (in Norwegian)