This is a case study on Afghanistan which concentrates on a specific mine action project that focused on the reintegration of former combatants through their incorporation into a community-based mine action activity. The programme 'Mine Action for Peace' was initiated in 2003 as one element in the country's demobilization initiative. The case study analyses the peacebuilding impact of the programme at the local level. discussing how former combatants view the programme and what effect it has had on their relationships with former combatants from different militias, militia commanders and village communitities.