The FAO seed security project aims to ensure seed security, partly by promoting onfarm production and storage of seeds from traditional varieties of food crops, partly by improving the choice and supply of seeds from improved varieties and for cash crops throgh the creation of Cooperative Community Based Seed Enterprises (CCBSE) that will contract farmers for seed multiplication efforts as wwell as engage in seed trading. This report outlines the history of the project with a particular view to how the issue of institutional sustainability has been handled in the design and implementation of the project so far.