Faith in flight: religion and Sudanese urban refugees in Kampala, Uganda

The April 2023 conflict in Sudan triggered one of the most significant waves of displacement in recent history, forcing millions to flee their homes and seek refuge in neighboring countries and beyond. For Sudanese refugees, religion often serves as a vital source of support, offering spiritual comfort, moral guidance, and a sense of community during periods of uncertainty and upheaval. However, Sudan’s rich religious diversity, encompassing Islam, Christianity, and indigenous beliefs, also introduces potential tensions and identity negotiations within refugee settings. This article examines the multifaceted role of religion in the lives of Sudanese refugees residing in Kampala, Uganda, a city that has become a key destination for displaced populations from Sudan. Drawing on qualitative interviews and participant observation, the study explores how religious practices shape coping strategies, social networks, and integration experiences. It also asks whether religious differences intersect with ethnic and political identities, influencing patterns of solidarity among refugees. By situating these dynamics within broader debates on forced migration and the sociology of religion, the article highlights the dual capacity of religion to foster both cohesion and division in contexts of displacement. The goal of the article is to stress the imperative to recognizing the complex interplay between faith, identity, and survival in refugee communities.