This is the third and final study in the series ‘Gender Policies and Feminisation of Poverty in Mozambique’, carried out in close cooperation with the Ministry of Planning and Development. While our first report (Tvedten et al. 2008) went through existing quantitative data under headings of employment and income, education, health, social organisation, child marriages, sexual abuse and domestic violence, the second report focussed on the social relations and cultural perception of gender in one rural setting (the District of Mossuril) and one urban setting (the city of Nampula) in  the northern province of Nampula. This study focusses on similar  settings in the southern province of Gaza (Xai-Xai and Chokwe) – thereby covering the north-south and rural-urban dichotomies that are particularly significant for gender relations and inequalities in the country (Tvedten et al. 2008).